The difference, by the numbers
They have no ingredient in common: the Bushwacker has dark rum, coffee liqueur, crème de cacao, cream of coconut and milk, the Singapore Sling gin, cherry liqueur, triple sec, Bénédictine, pineapple juice, lime juice, grenadine and Angostura bitters. In parts, a Bushwacker is 1 rum, 1 coffee liqueur, 1 cacao, 2 coconut and 2 milk; a Singapore Sling is 1 gin, ½ cherry, 4 pineapple, ½ lime and ¼ grenadine. By volume, the Bushwacker is 57% mixer and juice, 29% liqueur and 14% spirit; the Singapore Sling is 58% mixer and juice, 15% spirit, 15% liqueur, 7% citrus and 5% syrup and sugar. Different bottles, similar balance: that makes them close cousins on the ratio map.
They are about equally strong in the glass (7.3% and 7.7% ABV), but the Bushwacker is the bigger drink, so it holds more alcohol (1.39 standard drinks against 1.27). The Bushwacker has more calories (about 526 against 265) and more sugar (64.3 g against 27.6 g). Both are served in a hurricane glass; the Bushwacker is blended, the Singapore Sling shaken.